衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng)場景下基于節(jié)點選擇的協(xié)作波束成形技術(shù)研究

席博; 洪濤; 張更新

doi:10.11999/JEIT190707

衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng)場景下基于節(jié)點選擇的協(xié)作波束成形技術(shù)研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT190707

南京郵電大學(xué)通信與信息工程學(xué)院南京 210003

基金項目: 國家自然科學(xué)基金(91738201, 61801445, 61971440)

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡介:
席博：男，1996年生，碩博連讀生，研究方向為衛(wèi)星通信

洪濤：男，1982年生，講師，研究方向為多天線收發(fā)系統(tǒng)、衛(wèi)星通信

張更新：男，1967年生，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究方向為衛(wèi)星通信、深空通信、空間信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)等

通訊作者:
洪濤　hongt@njupt.edu.cn

中圖分類號: TN92
計量
- 文章訪問數(shù): 2633
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 644
- PDF下載量: 136
- 被引次數(shù): 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-16
- 修回日期: 2020-04-27
- 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期: 2020-05-28
- 刊出日期: 2020-12-08

Research on the Collaborative Beamforming Technique Based on the Node Selection for Satellite Internet of Things

College of Telecommunications & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Post and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (91738201, 61801445, 61971440)

摘要

摘要:
針對衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(IoT)場景下信號長距離傳輸衰減大以及單個終端節(jié)點傳輸性能受限的問題，該文提出一種基于節(jié)點選擇的協(xié)作波束成形算法，增強終端節(jié)點的傳輸能力。在實際終端位置信息存在誤差的條件下，推導(dǎo)出了協(xié)作波束成形平均方向圖函數(shù)，分析了不同系統(tǒng)參數(shù)對于協(xié)作波束成形平均方向圖和瞬時方向圖差異的影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng)鏈路傳輸性能需求，提出一種區(qū)域分組優(yōu)化的協(xié)作節(jié)點選擇算法。仿真結(jié)果表明，相比于傳統(tǒng)的分布式協(xié)作波束成形節(jié)點選擇算法，該文提出的算法在實際的誤差模型中旁瓣抑制和零陷生成方面具有更好的性能。
- 衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng) /
- 協(xié)作波束成形 /
- 節(jié)點選擇 /
- 隨機天線陣
Abstract:
The transmission performance of nodes in the satellite Internet of Things(IoT) is limited due to the long-distance transmission and the power-constrained terminal. A collaborative beamforming technique is proposed based on the node selection algorithm to improve the transmission performance of nodes. An average far-field beampattern for collaborative beamforming is derived by considering the location information error in practical scenario. Furthermore, the difference between average beampattern and instantaneous beampattern is analyzed by the system parameters. On this basis, a node selection algorithm is proposed based on region grouping not only to meet the requirement of satellite link, but also to suppress the sidelobe. Simulation results show better performance of the proposed algorithm compared with the traditional node selection algorithms in the actural error model.
- Satellite Internet of Things (IoT) /
- Collaborative beamforming /
- Node selection /
- Random array antenna

HTML全文

圖 1 衛(wèi)星物聯(lián)網(wǎng)場景下協(xié)作波束成形技術(shù)示意圖

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圖 2 節(jié)點選擇模型示意圖

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圖 3 節(jié)點閾值隨誤碼率變化曲線

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圖 4 基于區(qū)域分組策略與基于虛擬陣列優(yōu)化方向圖對比

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圖 5 不同參數(shù)時${C_{m(\phi )}}(z)$隨門限功率z的變化曲線

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圖 6 節(jié)點選擇平均功率方向圖和瞬時功率方向圖對比

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圖 7 區(qū)域分組與虛擬陣選擇節(jié)點的${C_{m(\phi )}}(z)$對比

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圖 8 分組策略算法與基于虛擬陣列算法的收斂性能對比

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圖 9 區(qū)域分組與虛擬陣節(jié)點選擇算法的PSLL性能對比

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表 1 區(qū)域分組節(jié)點選擇算法

${\rm{List}}m$=[]:存放$[{A_m}\sim {A_{m + k - 1}}]$中節(jié)點集合；${\rm{List}}m'$=[]:存放$[{A_{M + m}}\sim {A_{M + m + k - 1}}]$中節(jié)點集合；
${\rm{List}}C$=[]:存放$[{A_m}\sim {A_{m + k - 1}}]$中用于協(xié)作傳輸節(jié)點集合；${\rm{List}}C'$=[]:存放$[{A_{M + m}}\sim {A_{M + m + k - 1}}]$中用于協(xié)作傳輸節(jié)點集合；
${\rm{List}}F$=[]:存放代價函數(shù)值的集合；初始隨機產(chǎn)生$S$個節(jié)點：${P_s}({r_s},{\phi _s}),\;s = 1,2,···,S$；
$S$：源節(jié)點覆蓋節(jié)點數(shù)；$M$：分組對數(shù)；$N$：協(xié)作波束成形節(jié)點數(shù)；$E$：迭代次數(shù)；
For $s$=1 to $S$ do
For $m$=1 to $M$ do
If ${\phi _s} \in [\phi {A_m}\sim \phi {A_{m + k - 1}}]$ then
${\rm{List}}m$=${\rm{List}}m$+${P_s}$;
End
If ${\phi _s} \in [\phi {A_{M + m}}\sim \phi {A_{M + m + k - 1}}]$ then
${\rm{List}}m'$=${\rm{List}}m'$+${P_s}$;
End
End
End
For $e$=1 to $E$ do
For $m$=1 to $M$ do
從${\rm{List}}m$中隨機選擇${{[N} / {\rm{2}}}]$或${{[(N + 1)} / {\rm{2}}}]$個節(jié)點放入${\rm{List}}C$中；
從${\rm{List}}m'$中隨機選擇${{[N} / {\rm{2}}}]$或${{[(N + 1)} / {\rm{2}}}]$個節(jié)點放入${\rm{List}}C'$中；
根據(jù)${\rm{List}}C$和${\rm{List}}C'$中的節(jié)點計算代價函數(shù)${f_m}$；
End
${\rm{List}}F$=${\rm{List}}F + {f_m}$;
End
Find(min(${\rm{List}}F$(average)))$\xrightarrow{{}}$$\{ {A_{{\rm{best}}}}\sim {A_{{\rm{best}} + k - 1}},{A_{M + {\rm{best}}}}\sim {A_{M + {\rm{best}} + k - 1}}\} $。

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表 2 仿真參數(shù)設(shè)計表

參數(shù)	值
衛(wèi)星軌道高度	$d$=600 km
衛(wèi)星天線增益	${G_R}$=25 dBi
衛(wèi)星品質(zhì)因數(shù)	${G / T}$=5 ${\rm{dB}}{{\rm{K}}^{ - 1}}$
空間傳播損耗	${L_f}$=168.7 dB
頻率	2.6 GHz
節(jié)點天線增益(全向天線)	${G_s}$=0 dBi
節(jié)點發(fā)射功率	${P_s}$=10 dBm
調(diào)制方式	QPSK
信息速率	${R_b}$=2048 kbps
無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)范圍	500$ \times $500 m²
網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點總數(shù)	300
源節(jié)點覆蓋范圍	R=100 m，約60個左右
定位誤差	$B$=1 m，(約10個波長)
期望/非期望方向	(600 km,${30^{ \circ} }$,${0^{ \circ} }$)/(600 km,${30^{ \circ} }$,${1^{ \circ} }$)

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參考文獻(xiàn)(19)

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