復雜大氣條件對微波傳播衰減的影響研究

劉西川; 宋堃; 高太長; 胡云濤

doi:10.11999/JEIT170253

復雜大氣條件對微波傳播衰減的影響研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT170253

基金項目:

國家自然科學基金(41505135, 41475020)，江蘇省自然科學基金(BK20150708)

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- 文章訪問數(shù): 1622
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- 被引次數(shù): 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2017-03-29
- 修回日期: 2017-10-27
- 刊出日期: 2018-01-19

Research on the Effect of Complex Atmospheric Condition on Microwave Propagation Attenuation

Funds:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (41505135, 41475020), The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20150708)

摘要

摘要: 為了進一步提高大氣對微波傳播衰減影響的描述精度，為微波鏈路遙感反演大氣新應用提供理論基礎，該文系統(tǒng)性研究了大氣主要吸收氣體和各種大氣粒子對微波傳播的衰減情況。利用ITU-R模型計算大氣主要氣體成分對微波的吸收衰減，然后在降水粒子、云霧粒子和沙塵粒子的介電模型、形狀、相態(tài)和譜分布的基礎上，計算得到群粒子對微波的衰減特性，系統(tǒng)討論降水強度、相態(tài)、含水量、譜分布、氣壓和溫度等因素對微波傳播衰減的影響。數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明，大氣主要氣體成分在60 GHz, 180 GHz和320 GHz附近存在強烈的吸收帶，其衰減系數(shù)與水蒸氣含量和氣壓呈正相關，與溫度呈負相關；降水強度、譜分布、相態(tài)以及冰水比例對降水的微波衰減存在不同程度的影響，云霧的含水量和相態(tài)，沙塵的數(shù)密度、譜分布和含水量是影響微波衰減的主要因素，而溫度的影響較??；大氣各因素的衰減系數(shù)從大到小依次為爆炸沙塵、降水、氣體吸收、水霧、冰霧和自然沙塵。
- 微波傳播 /
- 復雜大氣條件 /
- 衰減 /
- 大氣粒子 /
- 譜分布
Abstract: To describe the effect of atmospheric conditions on the microwave propagations precisely, establish the theoretical foundation for the new applications of the atmospheric inversion by microwave links, the propagation attenuation by the absorptive gas and various atmospheric particles are investigated systematically in this paper. The absorption of main gas component in atmosphere are calculated by ITU-R model, and then based on the physical characteristics and dielectric model of different types of precipitation particles, cloud and fog particles, and sand particles, the scattering characteristics of atmospheric particles cluster at the microwave band are calculated, the effect of particle size distribution, intensity, phase, and temperature on the microwave propagation at different waveband are discussed systematically. The numerical simulation results show that there are absorption band at 60 GHz, 180 GHz, and 320 GHz due to oxygen and vapor, and the attenuation is positively related to both the vapor content and air pressure, while it is negatively related to the temperature. The microwave propagation attenuation by precipitation are mainly influenced by the precipitation intensity, particles size distribution, phase and its component rate, the water content and phase of cloud and fog are the main factors that affect the microwave attenuation, the number density, size distribution and water content of dust are the main factors that affect the microwave attenuation, while the temperature is the least factor. In sum, in order of the attenuation coefficient, it goes: blast dust, precipitation, gas absorption, water fog, ice fog, and atmospheric dust.
- Microwave propagation /
- Complex atmospheric condition /
- Attenuation /
- Atmospheric particles /
- Size distribution

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