稀疏矩陣規(guī)范網(wǎng)格結合物理雙網(wǎng)格分析介質海面散射特性與試驗驗證
doi: 10.11999/JEIT150401
-
1.
(西安電子科技大學物理與光電工程學院 西安 710071) ②(電磁散射重點實驗室 上海 200438)
基金項目:
國家自然科學基金(61471242)
Backscatter Analysis of Lossy Dielectric Sea Surface Using SMCG-PBTG Method--Comparison with Experimental Data
-
1.
(School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&rsquo
-
2.
(The State Key Laboratory for Electromagnetic Characters of Environment, Shanghai 200438, China)
Funds:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61471242)
-
摘要: 采用傳統(tǒng)數(shù)值方法計算介質粗糙海面后向電磁散射時，波束照射面積隨擦地角減小急劇增大，需要消耗大量的內存和計算時間。稀疏矩陣規(guī)范網(wǎng)格法用快速傅里葉變換計算遠區(qū)相互作用，極大地提高了計算速度，同時基于物理的雙網(wǎng)格法，依據(jù)格林函數(shù)在介質和自由空間中隨作用距離的衰減特性，采用不同分區(qū)的網(wǎng)格劃分技術，有效減少了介質粗糙面計算所需的內存量。該文基于Monte-Carlo方法產生不同海情PM譜海面，將上述兩種方法結合，數(shù)值研究了S和Ku波段后向散射特性隨擦地角的變化，并與造波池海面后向電磁散射試驗進行對比。試驗采用連續(xù)波掃頻方法測量了造波池模擬的中低海情和縮比高海情1維PM譜海面后向散射系數(shù)。計算結果與測量數(shù)據(jù)相吻合，證明了方法具有較高的效率和可行性。結果分析表明，不同海情下海表面相關長度和散射特性存在明顯差異。
-
關鍵詞:
- 海面電磁散射 /
- 稀疏矩陣規(guī)范網(wǎng)格法 /
- 基于物理的雙網(wǎng)格法 /
- 造波池
Abstract: The traditional numerical method of calculating electromagnetic scattering from the dielectric sea surface requires large amounts of memory and computation time as irradiated area increasing rapidly at low grazing angles. The method of Sparse Matrix Canonical Grid (SMCG) computes the product of the Taylor expanded flat surface matrix and the surface current column vector in far field by the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which decreases the computation complexity efficiently. According to the properties of the Greens functions of lossy dielectric and free space, the Physics-Based Two-Grid (PBTG) calculates surface field solutions on the both of dense and coarse grids, which reduces the amounts of memory required. Predictions of an exact numerical model using SMCG-PBTG based on Monte Carlo simulation are compared with experimental data. Experimental data is obtained from wave tank experiments in which the backscattering patterns of 1D sea surfaces with PM spectrum at S- and Ku-band are measured. The sea surfaces corresponding to low and moderate windspeed can be directly simulated in wave tank, and the scale model provides an alternative approach for measuring scattering from sea surfaces corresponding to high windspeed. A comparison of the absolute value of the backscattering coefficient shows the theory and experiment to be in good agreement. Results show that the correlation lengths and scattering behaviors are significantly different under the different windspeed. -
BOURLIER C, LI H, and PINEL N. Low-grazing angle propagation and scattering above the sea surface in the presence of a duct jointly solved by boundary integral equations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2015, 63(2): 667-677. doi: 10.1109/TAP. 2014.2379945. AFIFI S, DUSSEAUX R, and BERROUK A. Electromagnetic scattering from 3D layered structures with randomly rough interfaces: analysis with the small perturbation method and the small slope approximation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2014, 62(10): 5200-5208. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2014.2341704. 李曉峰, 謝擁軍, 陳博韜, 等. 半空間復雜目標的高頻分析方法[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2010, 32(2): 449-453. doi: 10.3724/ SP.J.1146.2009.00096. LI Xiaofeng, XIE Yongjun, CHEN Botao, et al. High-frequency analysis on scattering from complex conductive targets in half space[J]. Journal of Electronics Information Technology, 2010, 32(2): 449-453. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2009.00096. WU Zhensen, ZHANG Jinpeng, and GUO Lixin. An improved two-scale model with volumes scattering for the dynamic ocean surface[J]. Progress in Electromagnetics Research, 2009, 89(1): 39-56. 范天奇, 郭立新, 金健, 等. 含泡沫面元模型的海面電磁散射研究[J]. 物理學報, 2014, 63(21): 110-119. doi: 10.7498/ aps.63.214104. FAN Tianqi, GUO Lixin, JIN Jian, et al. Research on the facet model of electromagnetic scatterings from rough sea surface with foams[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(21): 110-119. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.214104. MICHIEL B, FOSTIER J, BOGAERT I, et al. Full-wave simulations of electromagnetic scattering problems with billions of unknowns[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2015, 63(2): 796-799. doi: 10.1109/TAP. 2014.2380438. 姬偉杰, 童創(chuàng)明. 快速計算一維分層粗糙面之間金屬目標復合散射的互耦迭代算法[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2010, 32(10): 2479-2484. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2009.01208. JI Weijie, and TONG Chuangming. EM scattering from a PEC target below the layered rough surface based on the cross coupling iterative approach[J]. Journal of Electronics Information Technology, 2010, 32(10): 2479-2484. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2009.01208. 陳新蕾, 鄧小喬, 李茁, 等. 金屬介質混合目標散射分析的快速偶極子法[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2011, 33(11): 2790-2794. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2011.00398. CHEN Xinlei, DENG Xiaoqiao, LI Zhuo, et al.. Electromagnetic scattering by mixed conducting and dielectric objects analysis using fast dipole method[J]. Journal of Electronics Information Technology, 2011, 33(11): 2790-2794. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2011.00398. 王仲根, 孫玉發(fā), 王國華. 應用改進的快速偶極子法和特征基函數(shù)法分析導體目標電磁散射特性[J]. 電子與信息學報, 2013, 35(9): 2272-2277. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.00027. WANG Zhonggen, SUN Yufa, and WANG Guohua. Analysis of electromagnetic scattering characteristics from conducting targets using improved fast dipole method and characteristic basis function method[J]. Journal of Electronics Information Technology, 2013, 35(9): 2272-2277. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.00027. NIE Zaiping, MA Wenmin, REN Yi, et al. A wideband electromagnetic scattering analysis using MLFMA with higher order hierarchical vector basis functions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2009, 57(10): 3169-3178. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2009.2028497. BOURLIER C, BELLEZ S, LI H, et al. Sub-domain decomposition iterative method combined with ACA: an efficient technique for the scattering from a large highly conducting rough sea surface[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2015, 63(2): 659-666. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2014.2373395. TSANG L, CHAN C H, PAK K, et al. Monte-Carlo simulations of large-scale problems of random rough surface scattering and applications to grazing incidence with the BMIA/canonical grid method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1995, 43(8): 851-859. JOHNSON J T. A numerical study of low-grazing-angle backscatter from ocean-like impedance surfaces with the canonical grid method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1998, 46(1): 114-120. 姬偉杰, 童創(chuàng)明. 三維目標與粗糙面復合散射的廣義稀疏矩陣平面迭代及規(guī)范網(wǎng)格算法[J]. 物理學報, 2011, 60(1): 22-30. JI Weijie and TONG Chuangming. Bistatic scattering from three-dimensional target on perfectly conducting rough surface by using G-SMFSIA/CAG[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011, 60(1): 22-30. 閆沛文, 童創(chuàng)明. 基于FGMRES-PBTG算法的介質粗糙面散射特性的模擬[J]. 電波科學學報, 2009, 24(1): 115-119. YAN Peiwen and TONG Chuangming. Simulations of scattering characteristic of lossy dielectric surfaces based on FGMRES-PBTG method[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2009, 24(1): 115-119. BRANCH R, CHICKADEL C C, and JESSUP A T. Thermal infrared multipath reflection from breaking waves observed at large incidence angles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2014, 52(1): 249-256. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2238241 AGHABARATI A and WEBB J P. Algebraic multigrid combined with domain decomposition for the finite element analysis of large scattering problems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2015, 63(1): 404-408. doi: 10.1109/TAP.2014.2365047. VALENZUELA G R. Theories for the interaction of electromagnetic and oceanic waves a review[J]. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 1978, 13(C3): 61-85. 岳慧, 王曉冰, 薛正國. 粗糙海面的電磁散射縮比模擬測量的若干基本問題[J]. 制導與引信, 2010, 31(4): 30-34. YUE Hui, WANG Xiaobing, and XUE Zhengguo. Some basic issues for scaled rough sea surface electromagnetic measurement[J]. Guidance Fuze, 2010, 31(4): 30-34. MEISSNER T and WENTZ F J. The complex dielectric constant of pure and sea water from microwave satellite observations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2004, 42(9): 1836-1849. doi: 10.1109/ TGRS.2004.831888. WEST J C, STURM J M, and JA S. Low-grazing scattering from breaking water waves using an impedance boundary MM/GTD approach[J]. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 1998, 46(1): 93-100. -
計量
- 文章訪問數(shù): 1285
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 141
- PDF下載量: 481
- 被引次數(shù): 0
下載:
