光學(xué)智能反射表面輔助的UAV群分布式光移動(dòng)通信

王海卜; 張?jiān)阼?/>
	<meta name=; 曾涵

doi:10.11999/JEIT240302

光學(xué)智能反射表面輔助的UAV群分布式光移動(dòng)通信

doi: 10.11999/JEIT240302

1.
東南大學(xué)移動(dòng)通信國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室南京 211189
2.
紫金山實(shí)驗(yàn)室南京 211111

基金項(xiàng)目: 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(623B2017, 61960206005, 61803211, 61971136, 62171127)，國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃(2020YFB1806603)，中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金(2242022k30001)

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡(jiǎn)介:
王海卜：男，博士生，研究方向?yàn)楣鈱W(xué)可重構(gòu)智能反射表面技術(shù)、6G光移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

張?jiān)阼。耗?，教授，研究方向?yàn)?G移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)、光移動(dòng)通信、量子信息技術(shù)

葛熒萌：男，博士生，研究方向?yàn)榛谌斯ぶ悄艿幕鶐盘?hào)處理算法

曾涵：女，博士生，研究方向?yàn)樽杂煽臻g光通信系統(tǒng)和UAV-自由空間光通信系統(tǒng)信道建模

通訊作者:
張?jiān)阼　?a href="mailto:zczhang@seu.edu.cn">zczhang@seu.edu.cn

中圖分類號(hào): TN929.12
計(jì)量
- 文章訪問(wèn)數(shù): 340
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- 被引次數(shù): 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-19
- 修回日期: 2024-07-16
- 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期: 2024-08-02
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-31

Optical Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces-Assisted Distributed OMC for UAV Clusters

WANG Haibo^{1, 2},
ZHANG Zaichen^{1, 2
, ,},
GE Yingmeng^{1, 2},
ZENG Han¹

1.
National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
2.
Purple Mountain Laboratory, Nanjing 211111, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (623B2017, 61960206005, 61803211, 61971136, 62171127), The National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFB1806603), The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2242022k30001)

摘要

摘要: 隨著無(wú)人機(jī)(UAV)系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模持續(xù)擴(kuò)大以及對(duì)更高通信速率的需求增長(zhǎng)，UAV光移動(dòng)通信(UAV-OMC)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)有前景的技術(shù)方向。然而，傳統(tǒng)的UAV-OMC難以支持多UAV之間的通信。該文基于光學(xué)智能反射表面(OIRS)技術(shù)，提出一個(gè)適用于UAV群的分布式OMC系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)在特定的UAV上設(shè)置OIRS，利用OIRS將光信號(hào)從單個(gè)UAV節(jié)點(diǎn)擴(kuò)散到多個(gè)UAV節(jié)點(diǎn)。這一系統(tǒng)在保留UAV-OMC系統(tǒng)的高能效和高速度的同時(shí)，能夠支持分布式UAV群的通信。對(duì)所提出的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模，考慮了一系列現(xiàn)實(shí)因素，如OIRS的光束控制、UAV之間的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)和UAV的抖動(dòng)等，這些因素都符合實(shí)際系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)。此外，該文還推導(dǎo)出了系統(tǒng)的誤比特率(BER)和漸進(jìn)中斷概率的閉式表達(dá)式?；诶碚摲治龊湍M結(jié)果，討論了各個(gè)參數(shù)和系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的影響。
- 光移動(dòng)通信 /
- 光學(xué)智能反射表面 /
- 無(wú)人機(jī) /
- 性能分析
Abstract: Objective The development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology has led to new applications, such as UAV-based high-altitude base stations and UAV three-dimensional mapping. These applications demand higher communication rates and wider bandwidths. Optical Mobile Communications (OMC), a wireless communication method with high energy efficiency, wide bandwidth, and high speed, has become a crucial direction for UAV communication. However, traditional UAV-OMC systems primarily focus on point-to-point transmission. As the number of UAVs increases, these systems struggle to meet the real-time, high-speed communication requirements of multi-UAV networks. Therefore, a technology is needed that can preserve the energy efficiency and speed of the UAV-OMC system while supporting multi-UAV communication. This study proposes a solution where Optical Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (OIRS) are deployed on specific UAVs to spread the optical signal from a single UAV node to multiple UAV nodes, thus maintaining the high energy efficiency and speed of the UAV-OMC system, while enabling stable and energy-efficient communication for distributed UAV clusters. Methods OIRS is a new type of programmable passive optical device capable of deflecting, splitting, and reconstructing light beams. Due to its small size and light weight, OIRS is suitable for installation on drones. Based on this technology, this study proposes a distributed OMC system for UAV clusters. OIRS is installed on select UAVs and is used to diffuse optical signals from a single UAV to multiple UAVs. Since each OIRS has limited beam splitting capabilities and coverage, the UAV cluster is divided into several regions, with each OIRS handling communication and power allocation for UAVs in its designated region. The OIRS not only forwards the optical signal but also performs beam alignment and focusing to ensure that each UAV receives a focused and aligned beam. A mathematical model of the OIRS-assisted distributed OMC system for UAV clusters is developed, considering factors such as OIRS beam control, UAV relative motion, UAV jitter, and strong turbulence at high altitudes. The model’s validity is assessed by analyzing the communication performance of the backend UAV nodes in the cluster. Additionally, closed-form expressions for the average Bit Error Rate (BER) and asymptotic outage probability are derived, and key parameters influencing system performance are discussed. Results and Discussions (1) Using the derived OIRS unit control algorithm, the OIRS can be controlled to align beams with the slave UAVs. The diffuse beam initially reaching the master UAV is refocused onto the slave UAVs. For multi-UAV beam splitting, regional control of the OIRS selects specific mirror units to direct beams to particular slave UAVs, thus enabling beam splitting. This method effectively exploits the adjustable nature of OIRS and dynamically adjusts the direction of each mirror unit to serve multiple targets, thereby extending the communication coverage (Fig. 2). This regional control strategy allows the system to adapt to environmental changes and the dynamic configuration of the UAV group, optimizing communication efficiency and network quality. The technology maximizes power allocation and utilization while ensuring sufficient signal strength for each slave UAV. (2) The performance degradation caused by the inherent parameters of OIRS, such as jitter and turbulence coefficient, in the OMC channel is substantial. However, OIRS beam alignment has an even more significant effect on system performance. Without beam alignment, the system performance is notably worse, with a more substantial impact on communication performance than severe weather conditions (Fig.3). (3) Simulation results show that system performance deteriorates significantly with each additional slave UAV. Thus, it is essential to determine the optimal number of slave UAVs that each OIRS should handle. Under the simulation conditions, it is most effective for each master UAV to manage three slave UAVs. Beyond this, maintaining stable communication becomes increasingly difficult. Conclusions This paper proposes an OIRS-assisted distributed OMC system for UAV clusters, utilizing the beam reflection and deflection capabilities of OIRS to extend the OMC link from a single UAV to multiple UAVs. OIRS’s refocusing capability ensures that UAVs at the rear can still receive a concentrated beam. Performance analysis and simulations show that slave UAVs maintain strong communication performance using OIRS for signal transmission. The beam alignment function of OIRS enhances system performance. However, due to power constraints, the addition of slave UAVs results in significant performance degradation. Future work will focus on optimizing the OIRS-assisted UAV OMC network architecture.
- Optical Mobile Communications (OMC) /
- Optical Intelligent Reflecting Surface (OIRS) /
- Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) /
- Performance analysis

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圖 1 OIRS輔助的UAV集群分布式OMC系統(tǒng)示意圖

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 UAV通信場(chǎng)景下OIRS波束聚焦與對(duì)準(zhǔn)示意圖

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 3 不同參數(shù)下的OIRS輔助的UAV集群OMC系統(tǒng)的理論BER和仿真BER

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

表 1 系統(tǒng)參數(shù)

參數(shù)	值
光波長(zhǎng) ($\lambda $)	1550 nm
接收機(jī)的噪聲方差($ \sigma _n^2 $)	${10^{ - 6}}$
發(fā)射端發(fā)散角度($ \phi $)	6 mrad
發(fā)射端抖動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差($ {\sigma _{{\varphi _{{t_s}}}}} $)	$2 \times {10^{ - 3}}$
從發(fā)射端到OIRS的鏈路距離($ {l_{s,o}} $)	100 m
大氣衰減系數(shù)(${\iota _n}$)	0.9
OIRS到從屬UAV n的鏈路距離($ {l_{o,{r_n}}} $)	50 m
接收機(jī)直徑 (2a)	20 cm

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