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基于實值子空間線性變換的非均勻圓形陣列高效二維測向方法

孟祥天,  經(jīng)哲涵,  曹丙霞,  沙明輝,  朱應(yīng)申,  閆鋒剛

孟祥天, 經(jīng)哲涵, 曹丙霞, 沙明輝, 朱應(yīng)申, 閆鋒剛. 基于實值子空間線性變換的非均勻圓形陣列高效二維測向方法[J]. 電子與信息學(xué)報, 2024, 46(11): 4328-4334. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240188
引用本文: 孟祥天, 經(jīng)哲涵, 曹丙霞, 沙明輝, 朱應(yīng)申, 閆鋒剛. 基于實值子空間線性變換的非均勻圓形陣列高效二維測向方法[J]. 電子與信息學(xué)報, 2024, 46(11): 4328-4334. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240188
MENG Xiangtian, JING Zhehan, CAO Bingxia, SHA Minghui, ZHU Yingshen, YAN Fenggang. Efficient 2-D Direction Finding Based on the Real-valued Subspace Linear Transformation with Nonuniform Circular Array[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(11): 4328-4334. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240188
Citation: MENG Xiangtian, JING Zhehan, CAO Bingxia, SHA Minghui, ZHU Yingshen, YAN Fenggang. Efficient 2-D Direction Finding Based on the Real-valued Subspace Linear Transformation with Nonuniform Circular Array[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(11): 4328-4334. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240188

基于實值子空間線性變換的非均勻圓形陣列高效二維測向方法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT240188
  • 1.

    哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)(威海)信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院 威海 264209

  • 2.

    哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)電子與信息工程學(xué)院 哈爾濱 150001

  • 3.

    北京無線電測量研究所 北京 100854

基金項目: 國家自然科學(xué)基金(62171150)，泰山學(xué)者工程專項經(jīng)費(tsqn202211087)，山東省自然科學(xué)基金(ZR2023MF091)，航空科學(xué)基金(2023Z037077002).
詳細(xì)信息
    作者簡介:

    孟祥天：男，講師，研究方向為陣列信號處理、反輻射制導(dǎo)

    經(jīng)哲涵：男，博士生，研究方向為陣列信號處理

    曹丙霞：女，副教授，研究方向為陣列信號處理、極化雷達(dá)技術(shù)

    沙明輝：男，研究員，研究方向為雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計、雷達(dá)抗干擾技術(shù)

    朱應(yīng)申：男，高級工程師，研究方向為電子對抗、技術(shù)偵察

    閆鋒剛：男，教授，研究方向為雷達(dá)信號處理，反輻射制導(dǎo)

    通訊作者:

    曹丙霞　cbxhit@163.com

  • 中圖分類號: TN958

Efficient 2-D Direction Finding Based on the Real-valued Subspace Linear Transformation with Nonuniform Circular Array

  • 1.

    School of Information Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology(Weihai), Weihai 264209, China

  • 2.

    School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

  • 3.

    Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement, Beijing 100854, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62171150), Taishan Scholar Special Funding Project of Shandong Province (tsqn202211087), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MR091), The Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (2023Z037077002)
  • 摘要: 由于均勻圓陣(UCA)的陣列流型不具有范德蒙結(jié)構(gòu)，通常采用模式空間方法構(gòu)造虛擬線性陣列，因此，UCA陣列下使用結(jié)構(gòu)變換已經(jīng)是2維測向的必要基本假設(shè)。該文通過對虛擬信號模型進(jìn)行特征分析，避免了線性陣列的結(jié)構(gòu)變換，提出一種適用于UCA和非均勻圓陣(NUCA)的實值高效2維測向方法。因此，新方法利用經(jīng)前/后向平滑的陣列協(xié)方差矩陣(FBACM)以及分離實虛部后的和差變換，獲得了維度相互適配的陣列流型和實值子空間，理論揭示了所獲實值子空間與原始復(fù)值子空間的線性張成關(guān)系，構(gòu)建了無虛假目標(biāo)的空間譜，且可以推廣至NUCA，增強了實值算法對于圓形陣列結(jié)構(gòu)的適應(yīng)性。同時，理論揭示了上述方法具有秩增強優(yōu)勢。數(shù)值仿真實驗表明，與傳統(tǒng)UCA陣列下的模式空間方法相比，該文所提出方法能夠在顯著降低復(fù)雜性的情況下，提供相似的估計性能和更好的角度分辨率。同時，在考慮幅度和相位誤差等情況時，所提方法具有較強的魯棒性。
    Abstract: The central symmetry based on the virtual array is a necessary fundamental assumption for the structure transformation of Uniform Circular Arrays (UCAs). In this paper, the virtual signal model for circular arrays is used to make an eigen analysis, and an efficient two-dimensional direction finding algorithm is proposed for arbitrary UCAs and Non Uniform Circular Arrays (NUCAs), where the structure transformation of linear arrays is avoided. As such, the Forward/Backward average of the Array Covariance Matrix (FBACM) and the sum-difference transformation method after separating the real and imaginary parts are both utilized to obtain the manifold and real-valued subspace with matching dimensions. Moreover, the linear relationship between the obtained real-valued subspace and the original complex-valued subspace is revealed, where the spatial spectrum is reconstructed without fake targets. The proposed method can be generalized to NUCAs, enhancing the adaptability of real-valued algorithms to circular array structures. Numerical simulations are applied to demonstrate that with significantly reduced complexity, the proposed method in this paper can provide similar performances and better angle resolution as compared to the traditional UCAs based on the mode-step. Meanwhile, the proposed method demonstrates high robustness with amplitude and phase errors in practical scenarios.
    • HTML全文

  • 圖  1  兩種圓陣的陣元位置示意圖

    圖  2  UCA陣列不同SNR下角度估計的均方根誤差

    圖  3  不同圓形陣列下方位角的分辨能力

    圖  4  UCA陣列不同快拍數(shù)下矩陣的秩

    圖  5  存在幅相誤差下圓形陣列方位角估計誤差

    表  1  不同搜索類算法下CPU運行時間(s)

    UCA-MUSICUCA-CaponUCA-RB-MUSICUCA-RV-MUSIC
    M=80.45280.46140.22700.2342
    M=160.74010.74770.35930.3621
    M=241.06921.08020.52080.5217
    M=321.37051.38440.64910.6496
    下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-03-20
  • 修回日期:  2024-10-03
  • 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期:  2024-10-15
  • 刊出日期:  2024-11-10

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