基于極化碼的無協(xié)商密鑰物理層安全傳輸方案
doi: 10.11999/JEIT190948
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中國人民解放軍戰(zhàn)略支援部隊(duì)信息工程大學(xué) 鄭州 450001
Physical Layer Secure Transmission Scheme with Joint Polar Codes and Non-reconciliation Secret Keys
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Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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摘要:
針對現(xiàn)有的密鑰生成方案需要在通信流程中增加額外的密鑰協(xié)商協(xié)議，導(dǎo)致在5G等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)通信系統(tǒng)中應(yīng)用受限的問題，該文提出一種基于極化碼的無協(xié)商密鑰物理層安全傳輸方案。首先基于信道特征提取未協(xié)商的物理層密鑰，然后針對物理信道與密鑰加密信道共同構(gòu)成的等效信道設(shè)計(jì)極化碼，最后利用未協(xié)商的物理層密鑰對編碼后的序列進(jìn)行簡單的模二加加密后傳輸。該方案通過針對性設(shè)計(jì)的極化碼糾正密鑰差異和噪聲引起的比特錯誤，實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠的安全傳輸。仿真表明，該文基于等效信道設(shè)計(jì)的極化碼在保證合法雙方以最優(yōu)的碼率可靠傳輸?shù)耐瑫r(shí)可以防止竊聽者竊聽，實(shí)現(xiàn)了安全與通信的一體化。
Abstract:The existing key generation scheme requires additional key reconciliation protocol in a communication process, resulting in the limited application to the communication system, such as the Fifth-Generation mobile communication (5G). A physical layer secure transmission scheme with a joint polar code and non-reconciliation secret keys is proposed. Firstly, the non-reconciliation physical layer keys are extracted from the channel feature, and then the polar code is designed based on the equivalent channel, which is formed by the physical channel and the key encryption channel. Finally, the encoded sequence is simply modular plus encrypted and transmitted using the non-reconciliation physical layer key. Key differences and noise-induced bit errors are corrected through a targeted design of polarization codes to achieve reliable and secure transmission. The simulation shows that the polar code based on the equivalent channel can ensure the reliable transmission between two legitimate users at the optimal code rate.
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表 1 仿真參數(shù)列表
仿真參數(shù) 設(shè)定值 天線數(shù) 單天線 無線信道 瑞利平衰落信道 極化碼長 $N = 512$ 蒙特卡洛實(shí)驗(yàn)次數(shù) ${10^8}$ 量化級數(shù) 1 bit量化 噪聲功率 $\sigma _{\rm{w}}^2 = 1$ 功率分配 ${\sigma^2_{\rm{A} } }{\rm{ = } }{\sigma^2_{\rm{B} } }$ 
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表 2 極化碼參數(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)性能
信道條件 極化碼設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù) 極化碼實(shí)際性能 SNR(dB) N K ${P_{{\rm{QoS}}}}$ ${P_{{\rm{Sec}}}}$ $P_{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{AB}}}$ $P_{\rm{e}}^{{\rm{AE}}}$ $2$ $512$ 27 ${10^{ - 6}}$ ${10^{ - 1}}$ $9.2368 \times {10^{ - 7}}$ $0.4865$ $6$ $156$ $2.5952 \times {10^{ - 7}}$ $0.4973$ $10$ $203$ $1.1011 \times {10^{ - 7}}$ $0.4799$
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