基于熵編碼的立體視頻加密與信息隱藏算法

高巍; 蔣剛毅; 郁梅; 駱挺

doi:10.11999/JEIT190345

基于熵編碼的立體視頻加密與信息隱藏算法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT190345

高巍^{1, 2},
蔣剛毅^1, ,,
郁梅¹,
駱挺^{1, 2}

1.
寧波大學(xué)信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院寧波 315211
2.
寧波大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院寧波 315211

基金項(xiàng)目: 國家自然科學(xué)基金(61671258, 61871247, 61931022, 61971247)

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡(jiǎn)介:
高?。耗?，1969年生，博士生，講師，研究方向?yàn)?D視頻信息隱藏

蔣剛毅：男，1964年生，博士，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究方向?yàn)槎嗝襟w信號(hào)處理與通信、3D視頻系統(tǒng)編碼與傳輸、圖像與視頻質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)、信息隱藏

郁梅：女，1968年生，博士，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究方向?yàn)槎嗝襟w信號(hào)處理與通信研究

駱挺：男，1980年生，博士，副教授，研究方向?yàn)槎嗝襟w信息隱藏

通訊作者:
蔣剛毅　jianggangyi@126.com

中圖分類號(hào): TN911.73; TP391
計(jì)量
- 文章訪問數(shù): 2179
- HTML全文瀏覽量: 900
- PDF下載量: 73
- 被引次數(shù): 0
出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-16
- 修回日期: 2020-03-20
- 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期: 2020-07-01
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-27

A Steganography Algorithm in Encrypted Stereoscopic Video Based on Entropy Coding

Wei GAO^{1, 2},
Gangyi JIANG^{1
, ,},
Mei YU¹,
Ting LUO^{1, 2}

1.
Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
2.
College of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61671258, 61871247, 61931022, 61971247)

摘要

摘要: 針對(duì)立體視頻的安全性，該文提出一種基于熵編碼的立體視頻加密與信息隱藏算法。首先，結(jié)合立體視頻編碼結(jié)構(gòu)，分析誤差漂移的物理機(jī)制，并根據(jù)立體視覺掩蔽效應(yīng)，確定左右視點(diǎn)的加密幀和隱秘信息待嵌入幀。其次，在基于上下文自適應(yīng)二進(jìn)制算術(shù)編碼(CABAC)的熵編碼中，通過等長碼字替換技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)立體視頻的加密和信息隱藏。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，視頻碼流經(jīng)加密與信息隱藏之后格式兼容、比特率不變，視頻感知質(zhì)量無明顯下降，在計(jì)算復(fù)雜度和碼率增加率上有顯著優(yōu)勢(shì)。
- 立體視頻編碼 /
- 分層次B幀預(yù)測(cè) /
- 隱秘域信息隱藏 /
- 熵編碼
Abstract: For security of stereoscopic video, a video encryption and information hiding algorithm based on entropy coding is proposed. Firstly, with the analysis of Multi-view Video Coding (MVC), the physical mechanism of error drift is investigated. By applying the stereoscopic masking effect, the frames to be encrypted and the frames to be embedded are determined. Secondly, by using a Context-based Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) bin-string substitution technique, the encryption and data hiding of stereoscopic video are implemented. Experimental implementation reveals that the video stream has the format compatibility and the bit-rate remains unchanged after encryption and data hiding. The video quality degradation is negligible. The algorithm has significant advantages in computational complexity and rate increase.
- Stereoscopic video /
- Hierarchical B Picture (HBP) /
- Data hiding in encrypted domain /
- Entropy coding

HTML全文

圖 1 基于CABAC熵編碼的立體視頻加密與信息隱藏算法框圖

下載: 全尺寸圖片幻燈片

圖 2 立體視頻加密域或解密域中的信息提取框圖

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圖 3 立體視頻編碼中的HBP預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)和誤差漂移級(jí)數(shù)

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圖 4 不同子宏塊的數(shù)據(jù)嵌入對(duì)B幀視頻質(zhì)量影響(Akko&Kayo)

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圖 5 測(cè)試序列快照 (左視點(diǎn)第1幀)

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圖 6 加密的視頻幀快照(左視點(diǎn)第10幀)

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圖 7 各個(gè)測(cè)試序列加密前后PSNR變化

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圖 8 解密后含隱秘信息的立體視頻與原始立體視頻編碼PSNR對(duì)比(Akko&Kayo)

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圖 9 各立體測(cè)試序列可嵌入數(shù)據(jù)容量

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圖 10 本文方法與文獻(xiàn)[4]和文獻(xiàn)[9]的ΔPSNR比較

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圖 11 最大可嵌入數(shù)據(jù)容量對(duì)比(bit GOP)

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圖 12 各算法的比特率變化率BIR (×10^?5)

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表 1 CABAC下MVD幅值的UEG3二值化串

abs(MVD)	Bin-string
abs(MVD)	TU prefix	EG3 suffix
0	0
$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $
8	111111110
9	111111111	0000
10	111111111	0001
$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $
17	111111111	100000
18	111111111	100001
$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $
33	111111111	11000000
34	111111111	11000001
$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $

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表 2 MVD幅值的二進(jìn)制串對(duì)

C0		C1
abs(MVD)	EG3	abs(MVD)	EG3
33	110 00000	34	110 00001
35	110 00010	36	110 00011
$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $	$ \vdots $

下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV

表 3 各立體測(cè)試序列數(shù)據(jù)嵌入前后視頻質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)

序列	視點(diǎn)	嵌入容量(bit)	PSNR		SSIM		VQM
序列	視點(diǎn)	嵌入容量(bit)	標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編碼	本文算法	標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編碼	本文算法	標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編碼	本文算法
Akko&Kayo	0	1555	44.98	44.90	0.9879	0.9879	0.5179	0.5357
Akko&Kayo	1	3241	45.13	44.67	0.9884	0.9881	0.5262	0.6221
Ballroom	0	3534	42.33	42.27	0.9805	0.9805	0.7553	0.7862
Ballroom	1	5777	42.07	41.86	0.9793	0.9790	0.7567	0.8594
Exit	0	620	42.36	42.36	0.9673	0.9673	0.8138	0.8146
Exit	1	2136	42.26	42.20	0.9663	0.9661	0.8264	0.8660
Vassar	0	492	41.89	41.88	0.9657	0.9657	0.7802	0.7865
Vassar	1	1087	41.82	41.77	0.9644	0.9643	0.7910	0.8273
Flamenco	0	1300	44.87	44.86	0.9871	0.9871	0.5892	0.5953
Flamenco	1	4905	45.41	45.10	0.9882	0.9881	0.5458	0.5937

下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV

表 4 本文方法與文獻(xiàn)[4]和文獻(xiàn)[9]的性能對(duì)比

序列	PSNR(dB)			數(shù)據(jù)可嵌入容量(bit GOP)			BIR(×10^–5)
序列	文獻(xiàn)[4]	文獻(xiàn)[9]	本文	文獻(xiàn)[4]	文獻(xiàn)[9]	本文	文獻(xiàn)[4]	文獻(xiàn)[9]	本文
Akko&Kayo	44.903	45.012	44.788	122	1341	400	13.468	56.146	0.000
Ballroom	42.105	42.116	42.067	136	1700	776	12.831	71.329	0.000
Exit	42.282	42.243	42.280	114	1556	230	13.694	59.004	0.000
Vassar	41.832	41.788	41.826	96	1802	132	18.244	59.786	0.000
Flamenco	45.017	45.024	44.982	154	1211	517	17.344	51.969	0.000
Crowd	42.885	42.983	42.743	133	1693	425	17.682	59.682	0.000

下載: 導(dǎo)出CSV

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