近天底干涉SAR動態(tài)海面高程測量誤差分析

陳堯; 黃默; 王小青; 黃海風(fēng)

doi:10.11999/JEIT190191

近天底干涉SAR動態(tài)海面高程測量誤差分析

doi: 10.11999/JEIT190191

陳堯^{1, 2, ,},
黃默¹,
王小青³,
黃海風(fēng)³

1.
中國科學(xué)院微電子研究所北京 100029
2.
中國科學(xué)院大學(xué) 北京 100029
3.
中山大學(xué)電子與通信工程學(xué)院廣州 510275

基金項目: 國家自然科學(xué)基金重大研究計劃(91438202)

詳細(xì)信息

作者簡介:
陳堯：男，1995年生，博士生，研究領(lǐng)域為雷達(dá)信號處理與系統(tǒng)仿真

黃默：男，1973年生，研究員，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究領(lǐng)域為雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)總體

王小青：男，1978年生，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究領(lǐng)域為SAR海洋遙感與機理

黃海風(fēng)：男，1976年生，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究方向為分布式星載系統(tǒng)理論

通訊作者:
陳堯　chenyao1995@ime.ac.cn

中圖分類號: TN959.6
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出版歷程
- 收稿日期: 2019-03-28
- 修回日期: 2019-08-30
- 網(wǎng)絡(luò)出版日期: 2019-09-05
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-19

Error Analysis of Dynamic Sea Surface Height Measurement by Near-nadir Interferometric SAR

1.
Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
3.
School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Funds: The Major Research Plan of the Natural Science Foundation of China (91438202)

摘要

摘要:
采用近天底的寬刈幅干涉高度計是近年來新發(fā)展的海面高程測量技術(shù)，與陸地高程測量不同，海浪一直處于隨機運動之中，其動態(tài)特性會在合成孔徑雷達(dá)(SAR)成像和干涉處理中引入顯著誤差。對于厘米級的干涉測量精度要求來說，該誤差是主要誤差源之一。該文研究了由海面特性引起的高程誤差機理及其對于近天底干涉SAR測高精度的影響，建立了運動誤差理論模型，同時考慮了電磁偏差與疊掩偏差影響?；诓煌琒AR工作體制，在不同海況下進(jìn)行了理論近似仿真，并進(jìn)行了干涉SAR全鏈路仿真，全鏈路仿真結(jié)果能夠與理論仿真較好地吻合，驗證了誤差模型的正確。結(jié)果顯示由海浪引起的誤差隨著多普勒中心頻率近似呈線性變化，且與目標(biāo)散射加權(quán)徑向速度成正比。誤差不僅與海浪特性相關(guān)，還與雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)相關(guān)，這能為未來系統(tǒng)設(shè)計、誤差預(yù)算和海面高程處理提供參考。
- 干涉SAR /
- 海面高程 /
- 誤差預(yù)算 /
- 目標(biāo)運動
Abstract:
The wide-swath interferometric altimeter working at near-nadir is a newly developed ocean surface topography measurement technology in recent years. Different from land elevation measurement, for the dynamic ocean surface waves, they move randomly all the time and this brings bias in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging and interferometric processes and leads to the final height measurement errors. For the requirement of centimeter-level precision, this error is the main source of measurement errors. The errors due to the characteristics of ocean surface and their impact on near-nadir InSAR’s precision are investigated. The motion error theoretical model is established combining the characteristics of the ocean surface and InSAR working mechanism, and the electromagnetic bias and layover bias are also taken into consideration. The error models in different SAR modes under various sea states are simulated. The error model is validated by the interferometric SAR full-link experimental simulation and the simulation results are consistent with the theoretical values. The results show that the errors are approximately linear changing with the Doppler centroid frequency and are proportional to the radial velocity of targets modulated by scattering. The errors are not only related to the characteristics of the waves, but also related to system parameters. This work can provide the feasible suggestions for future system design, error budget and data processing.
- InSAR /
- Sea surface height /
- Error budget /
- Targets motion

HTML全文

圖 1 干涉SAR運動目標(biāo)測量幾何示意圖

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圖 2 誤差仿真流程圖

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圖 3 部分海洋仿真場景(10 m/s風(fēng)速)

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圖 4 條帶模式理論仿真誤差分布

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圖 5 TOPS模式理論仿真誤差分布

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圖 6 理論近似仿真與全鏈路仿真誤差

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圖 7 誤差沿方位向變化曲線

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表 1 理論仿真系統(tǒng)參數(shù)

仿真系統(tǒng)參數(shù)	參數(shù)值
平臺高度	800 km
基線	10 m
中心頻率	Ka波段
極化方式	HH
入射角	4°～4.7°
距離采樣率	0.8 m
方位采樣率	5 m
距離分辨率	1 m
方位分辨率	50 m

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表 2 條帶模式下誤差RMS

海況	RMS(cm)
低海況	0.2670
中等海況	1.3154
高海況	6.6361

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表 3 TOPS模式下誤差RMS

海況	RMS(cm)
低海況	1.9598
中等海況	2.2621
高海況	6.9801

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表 4 實驗驗證系統(tǒng)參數(shù)

實驗系統(tǒng)參數(shù)	參數(shù)值
平臺高度	852 km
基線	12 m
中心頻率	Ka波段
極化方式	HH
入射角	9°～12°
帶寬	65 MHz
脈沖重復(fù)頻率	3005 Hz
距離分辨率	3 m
方位分辨率	15 m

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參考文獻(xiàn)(17)

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