Characteristics of Lightning Electromagnetic Fields from Oblique Lightning Channel Considering Vertical Stratified Ground
Funds:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (51377171)
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摘要: 為了得到垂直分層大地電導(dǎo)率和雷電回?fù)敉ǖ纼A斜角度對(duì)雷電電磁脈沖場(chǎng)(LEMP)的影響規(guī)律，該文利用時(shí)域有限差分法對(duì)傾斜通道雷電電磁場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了建模計(jì)算。研究結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)觀測(cè)點(diǎn)位于傾斜回?fù)敉ǖ老路綍r(shí)，地表雷電電磁場(chǎng)峰值會(huì)隨著回?fù)敉ǖ纼A斜角度的增加而出現(xiàn)明顯的上升，同時(shí)電磁場(chǎng)的上升沿變得更加陡峭。觀測(cè)點(diǎn)與地表雷擊點(diǎn)之間的水平距離越大，雷電電磁場(chǎng)的峰值時(shí)間也就越大。對(duì)地表電磁場(chǎng)而言，觀測(cè)點(diǎn)同側(cè)大地電導(dǎo)率主要影響雷電水平電場(chǎng)和角向磁場(chǎng)的初始峰值，而觀測(cè)點(diǎn)另一側(cè)大地電導(dǎo)率的變化則主要影響水平電場(chǎng)和角向磁場(chǎng)波尾幅值。對(duì)地下電磁場(chǎng)而言，增加埋地深度對(duì)垂直電場(chǎng)的衰減作用十分明顯，而對(duì)水平電場(chǎng)和角向磁場(chǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)影響極小。
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關(guān)鍵詞:
- 雷電電磁脈沖場(chǎng) /
- 時(shí)域有限差分法 /
- 分層大地電導(dǎo)率 /
- 傾斜放電通道 /
- 傾斜角度
Abstract: The electromagnetic fields from oblique lightning channel are studied by using FDTD and considering the effects of vertical layered ground conductivity and lightning channel tilt angle. The calculation results show that the initial peak values of lightning electromagnetic fields will increase with increasing the channel tilt angle when the observation point is under the oblique lightning channel, and the rising edges of the electromagnetic fields become steeper. The peak time of the lightning electromagnetic fields will be greater with greater distance between the lightning stroke point on the ground and the observation point. For the electromagnetic fields on the ground surface, the ground conductivity at the same side of the observation point affects mainly the initial peak values of the horizontal electric field and azimuthal magnetic field; the ground conductivity at the other side affects mainly the amplitudes of the wave tail of the horizontal electric field and the azimuthal magnetic field. For the electromagnetic fields inside the ground, the vertical electric field will decrease with increasing the underground depth, but the horizontal electric field and azimuthal magnetic field underground is basically the same as that on the ground surface. -
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