漬制鈧酸鹽鋇鎢陰極脈沖性能的研究
AN INVESTIGATION ON PULSE PROPERTIES OF IMPREGNATED BARIUM SCANDATE DISPENSER CATHODES
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摘要: 本文對(duì)漬制鈧酸鹽鋇鎢陰極的脈沖性能作了下述幾方面的研究。(1)脈沖發(fā)射水平和逸出功分布;(2)脈沖運(yùn)用下的電子初速分布;(3)脈沖工作比效應(yīng);(4)強(qiáng)場(chǎng)下的非常肖特基效應(yīng)。 本陰極在Tk=850℃下能提供的脈沖發(fā)射電流密度大于20A/cm2;平均逸出功=1.7eV;發(fā)射的不均勻性與國(guó)外報(bào)道的M型陰極的相近;在脈沖運(yùn)用下,電子速度的分散值低于氧化物陰極的。本陰極在場(chǎng)強(qiáng)高于1104V/cm時(shí),出現(xiàn)非常肖特基效應(yīng),本文用S值來(lái)表征。本陰極的S值明顯高于漬制鋁酸鹽鋇鎢陰極和L陰極的。造成非常肖特基效應(yīng)的主要原因是表面逸出功不均勻。在脈沖工作比f(wàn)=510-3410-2范圍內(nèi),支取8.8A/cm2時(shí),本陰極有良好的平坦f特性,所以適用于長(zhǎng)脈沖、大功率毫米波器件。 最后結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)這種陰極的表面分析結(jié)果,對(duì)本文的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了討論,這些討論有助于闡明本陰極的發(fā)射機(jī)制。
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關(guān)鍵詞:
Abstract: The impregnated barium scandate dispenser cathode used in microwave tulbes, especially in gyrotrons, has been investigated in following aspects: (1) pulse emission property and work function distribution; (2) electron initial velocity distribution in pulse operation; (3) the effect of pulse duration ratio; (4) anomalous Schottky effect under high electric field. Some useful results are obtained: the pulse emission current density is higher than 20 A/cm2 (when t=850℃) ; the anomalous Schottky effect is observed when the electric field is higher than 104V/cm; the cathode has a flat Ja-f property when the pulse duration ratio is in the range of 510-3--410-2 and an emission current density of 8.8A/cm2 is drawn. In the end, the obtained results are discussed in relation to the surface analysis of the cathode. -
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